Object ID Number:
2017.000.050
Object Name:
Invalid Feeder
Type:
Pap Boat
Description / History:
A set of five stoneware (or, Iron Stone China) invalid feeders. Stoneware has been used for thousands of years, but became popular in England in the early 19th century as an alternative to earthenware, especially porcelain. Stoneware was significantly cheaper and slightly more durable than porcelain and soon became very popular, often in rural areas.
A) Production Date: 1865–1885
Country: USA
Cream–colored pap–boat with engraved designs on top and on the handle. Pap–boats are a type of invalid feeder generally used to feed the invalid or child pap: a mixture of soaked bread with meal and sugar, sometimes chewed by a nurse to get the right smooth consistancy. Bottom of feeder is stamped in black with a variation of the British Coat of Arms, including a lion and a unicorn. The words "Etruria" and "Stone China" are also included. The stamp belonged to Ott & Brewer in New Jersey no earlier than 1865. Ott & Brewer, owner of Etruria Pottery, was based in Trenton, NJ from 1863 up until a few years ago, when the firm was bought out. For the time, they were one of the few successful American ceramics firm.
B) Production Date: 1895–1930
Country: USA
Cream–colored pap–boat with engraved designs on top and on the handle. These designs are, interestingly, identical to pap–boat A. Bottom of feeder is stamped in black with a variation of the British Coat of Arms, including a lion and a unicorn. The words "Ironstone China" and "J.M. & CO." are also included. J.M. & CO. stands for John Moses & Co., another uniquely successful USA firm also based in Trenton, New Jersey and founded in 1863. The factory was named Glasgow Pottery. Based on this stamp, the feeder could not have been made before 1895.
C) Production Date: 1889–1911
Stoneware invalid feeder. Curved spout located towards the bottom and a flat half–cover on top. Black stamp on the bottom of a version of the British Coat of Arms along with the words, "ROAYL IRONSTONE/ CHINA/ J.H.M.".
D–E) Production Date: 1800–1930
Stoneware invalid feeder. Curved spout located towards the bottom and a flat cover on top with an oval hole.
A) Production Date: 1865–1885
Country: USA
Cream–colored pap–boat with engraved designs on top and on the handle. Pap–boats are a type of invalid feeder generally used to feed the invalid or child pap: a mixture of soaked bread with meal and sugar, sometimes chewed by a nurse to get the right smooth consistancy. Bottom of feeder is stamped in black with a variation of the British Coat of Arms, including a lion and a unicorn. The words "Etruria" and "Stone China" are also included. The stamp belonged to Ott & Brewer in New Jersey no earlier than 1865. Ott & Brewer, owner of Etruria Pottery, was based in Trenton, NJ from 1863 up until a few years ago, when the firm was bought out. For the time, they were one of the few successful American ceramics firm.
B) Production Date: 1895–1930
Country: USA
Cream–colored pap–boat with engraved designs on top and on the handle. These designs are, interestingly, identical to pap–boat A. Bottom of feeder is stamped in black with a variation of the British Coat of Arms, including a lion and a unicorn. The words "Ironstone China" and "J.M. & CO." are also included. J.M. & CO. stands for John Moses & Co., another uniquely successful USA firm also based in Trenton, New Jersey and founded in 1863. The factory was named Glasgow Pottery. Based on this stamp, the feeder could not have been made before 1895.
C) Production Date: 1889–1911
Stoneware invalid feeder. Curved spout located towards the bottom and a flat half–cover on top. Black stamp on the bottom of a version of the British Coat of Arms along with the words, "ROAYL IRONSTONE/ CHINA/ J.H.M.".
D–E) Production Date: 1800–1930
Stoneware invalid feeder. Curved spout located towards the bottom and a flat cover on top with an oval hole.
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